![]() However, when a wheel slows down, then the drum would do the same, leaving the flywheel spinning at a faster rate. In normal braking, the drum and flywheel should spin at the same speed. The flywheel is attached to a drum that runs at the same speed as the wheel. These systems used a flywheel and valve attached to a hydraulic line that feeds the brake cylinders. In 1920 the French automobile and aircraft pioneer Gabriel Voisin experimented with systems that modulated the hydraulic braking pressure on his aircraft brakes to reduce the risk of tire slippage, as threshold braking on aircraft is nearly impossible. Francis introduced his 'Slip Prevention Regulator for Rail Vehicles'. The concept for ABS predates the modern systems that were introduced in the 1950s. This latter function, depending on its specific capabilities and implementation, is known variously as electronic brakeforce distribution, traction control system, emergency brake assist, or electronic stability control (ESC). Modern versions may not only prevent wheel lock under braking, but may also alter the front-to-rear brake bias. Since ABS was introduced in production vehicles, such systems have become increasingly sophisticated and effective. Although ABS generally offers improved vehicle control and decreases stopping distances on dry and some slippery surfaces, on loose gravel or snow-covered surfaces ABS may significantly increase braking distance, while still improving steering control. ABS operates at a much faster rate and more effectively than most drivers could manage. ![]() ABS operates by preventing the wheels from locking up during braking, thereby maintaining tractive contact with the road surface and allowing the driver to maintain more control over the vehicle.ĪBS is an automated system that uses the principles of threshold braking and cadence braking, techniques which were once practiced by skillful drivers before ABS was widespread. An anti-lock braking system ( ABS) is a safety anti- skid braking system used on aircraft and on land vehicles, such as cars, motorcycles, trucks, and buses.
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